Federico Faruffini (1833–1869) was an Italian painter and engraver known for his emotionally charged, romantic-historical paintings. Born in Sesto San Giovanni, Italy, Faruffini studied at the Brera Academy and was influenced by both Romanticism and emerging Realist styles. His works often featured dramatic lighting, expressive figures, and historical or literary themes that resonated with the Italian public of his time. Despite his talent, Faruffini struggled to gain consistent recognition during his lifetime. He exhibited at several major venues, including the Brera and the Paris Salon, but financial hardships and personal disappointments took a toll on his mental health. His paintings such as San Carlo Borromeo and The Death of Ernesto Cairoli reflect both technical mastery and deep emotional engagement. Faruffini’s innovative blend of realism and romanticism, along with his bold brushwork and atmospheric effects, paved the way for later Italian painters. Sadly, his life was cut short when he died by suicide at just 36 years old. Today, art historians are rediscovering his contributions to 19th-century Italian art and recognizing him as a significant yet underappreciated figure in European painting.